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{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Oliver Blume
| name         = Oliver Blume
| image = Dr. Oliver Blume CEO Porsche AG.jpg
| image       = Dr. Oliver Blume CEO Porsche AG.jpg
| caption = Blume in 2013
| caption     = Blume in 2013
| birth_name = Oliver Ingo Blume
| birth_name   = Oliver Ingo Blume
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1968|6|6}}
| birth_date   = {{Birth date and age|1968|6|6}}
| birth_place = [[Braunschweig]], [[West Germany]]
| birth_place = [[Braunschweig]], [[West Germany]]
| nationality = German
| nationality = German
| alma_mater = [[Braunschweig University of Technology]]
| alma_mater   = [[Braunschweig University of Technology]]
| occupation = CEO of [[Volkswagen Group]], former CEO of [[Porsche|Porsche AG]]
| occupation   = CEO of [[Volkswagen Group]], former CEO of [[Porsche|Porsche AG]]
| known_for = Leading [[Volkswagen Group]] and [[Porsche|Porsche AG]]
| known_for   = Leading Volkswagen Group and Porsche AG simultaneously
}}
}}


'''Oliver Ingo Blume''' (born 6 June 1968) is a German automotive executive who serves as the [[Chief Executive Officer]] of the [[Volkswagen Group]], one of the world's largest automobile manufacturers. Born in [[Braunschweig]], the city that has long served as a hub of Volkswagen's operations, Blume built a career spanning decades within the Volkswagen corporate structure before ascending to lead first [[Porsche|Porsche AG]] and then the parent group itself. He held the unusual distinction of simultaneously serving as CEO of both Porsche AG and the Volkswagen Group from September 2022 until the end of 2025, a dual role that drew both attention and criticism from labor representatives and industry observers. In October 2025, the Supervisory Board of Volkswagen AG reaffirmed its confidence in Blume by extending his appointment as Group CEO until the end of 2030, while he stepped down from the Porsche AG leadership to focus exclusively on the wider group's turnaround efforts.<ref name="vw-extension">{{cite web |title=Volkswagen AG's Supervisory Board appoints Oliver Blume as CEO until the end of 2030 |url=https://www.volkswagen-group.com/en/press-releases/volkswagen-ags-supervisory-board-appoints-oliver-blume-as-ceo-until-the-end-of-2030-19896 |publisher=Volkswagen Group |date=2025-10-17 |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref><ref name="dw-porsche-step-down">{{cite news |date=2025-10-17 |title=Porsche CEO Oliver Blume to step down |url=https://www.dw.com/en/porsche-ceo-oliver-blume-to-step-down/a-74396761 |work=DW.com |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref> His tenure at the helm of the Volkswagen Group has been defined by the challenge of managing the conglomerate's transition toward electric vehicles, navigating declining sales in [[China]], and closing a perceived technology gap with competitors.<ref name="reuters-turnaround">{{cite news |date=2026-01-28 |title=Volkswagen CEO Blume, free of Porsche role, under pressure to deliver on turnaround |url=https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/boards-policy-regulation/volkswagen-ceo-blume-free-porsche-role-under-pressure-deliver-turnaround-2026-01-28/ |work=Reuters |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref>
'''Oliver Ingo Blume''' (born 6 June 1968) is a German business executive who serves as the [[chief executive officer]] (CEO) of the [[Volkswagen Group]], one of the world's largest automobile manufacturers. From 2015 until the end of 2025, he also served as CEO of [[Porsche|Porsche AG]], holding both positions simultaneously from September 2022 — a dual role that drew significant attention and, ultimately, pressure from labor representatives and investors. Born in [[Braunschweig]], a city with deep ties to the German automotive industry, Blume built his career within the Volkswagen Group over several decades, rising through production and manufacturing leadership roles across multiple brands before being appointed to lead Porsche in the aftermath of the [[Volkswagen emissions scandal]]. His tenure has been defined by efforts to navigate the transition to electric vehicles, manage competitive pressures in the Chinese market, and restructure operations across the sprawling Volkswagen empire. In October 2025, the Supervisory Board of Volkswagen AG reaffirmed its confidence in Blume by extending his contract as Group CEO through the end of 2030, while simultaneously announcing his departure from the Porsche AG chief executive role.<ref name="vw-extension">{{cite web |title=Volkswagen AG's Supervisory Board appoints Oliver Blume as CEO until the end of 2030 |url=https://www.volkswagen-group.com/en/press-releases/volkswagen-ags-supervisory-board-appoints-oliver-blume-as-ceo-until-the-end-of-2030-19896 |publisher=Volkswagen Group |date=October 17, 2025 |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref>


== Early Life ==
== Early Life ==


Oliver Ingo Blume was born on 6 June 1968 in [[Braunschweig]], in what was then [[West Germany]].<ref name="porsche-cv">{{cite web |title=Lebensläufe (Curricula Vitae) |url=http://newsroom.porsche.com/dam/jcr:25e9d180-02ff-42a2-89c1-226a124ba3a2/Lebensl%C3%A4ufe.pdf |publisher=Porsche Newsroom |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref> Braunschweig, a city in the state of [[Lower Saxony]], has deep historical ties to the Volkswagen Group; the city is home to significant Volkswagen research and administrative facilities and is located approximately 30 kilometers from [[Wolfsburg]], the company's global headquarters. Growing up in this automotive heartland, Blume would eventually build virtually his entire professional career within the Volkswagen corporate family.
Oliver Ingo Blume was born on 6 June 1968 in [[Braunschweig]], in what was then [[West Germany]].<ref name="porsche-cv">{{cite web |title=Lebensläufe (Curricula Vitae) |url=http://newsroom.porsche.com/dam/jcr:25e9d180-02ff-42a2-89c1-226a124ba3a2/Lebensl%C3%A4ufe.pdf |publisher=Porsche Newsroom |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref> Braunschweig, located in the state of [[Lower Saxony]], has long been associated with the German automotive sector; the city is situated near [[Wolfsburg]], the global headquarters of the Volkswagen Group. Growing up in this industrial heartland, Blume would eventually pursue a career path closely intertwined with the automotive companies that dominated the regional economy.


Details about Blume's childhood and family background remain largely private. What is known from official corporate records is that he pursued technical education in his home city, a trajectory consistent with Braunschweig's longstanding reputation as a center for engineering and technology in Germany.
Details of Blume's family background and childhood have not been widely documented in public sources. What is established is that he went on to study at the [[Braunschweig University of Technology]] (Technische Universität Braunschweig), one of the oldest technical universities in Germany, where he studied mechanical engineering.<ref name="porsche-cv" /> The university has historically maintained close relationships with the automotive industry, particularly with the Volkswagen Group, providing a pipeline of engineering talent to the company's nearby operations.


== Education ==
== Education ==


Blume studied at the [[Braunschweig University of Technology]] (Technische Universität Braunschweig), one of Germany's oldest and most respected technical universities.<ref name="porsche-cv" /> The institution, founded in 1745, is noted for its engineering programs and has produced numerous leaders in the German automotive and industrial sectors. Blume earned a doctoral degree from the university, and is accordingly referred to with the academic title "Dr." in German corporate and public contexts.<ref name="porsche-cv" /><ref name="porsche-leiters">{{cite web |title=Dr. Michael Leiters will become CEO of Porsche AG on 1 January 2026 |url=https://newsroom.porsche.com/en_PME/2025/company/porsche-dr-michael-leiters-becomes-ceo-on-1-january-2026-40867.html |publisher=Porsche Newsroom |date=2025-10-17 |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref> His studies at Braunschweig provided the technical foundation that would underpin his subsequent career in production management and automotive manufacturing within the Volkswagen Group.
Blume attended the [[Braunschweig University of Technology]], where he studied [[mechanical engineering]].<ref name="porsche-cv" /> The institution, formally known as the Technische Universität Braunschweig, is one of Germany's leading technical universities and has a distinguished history in engineering education dating back to its founding in 1745. Blume's engineering background provided the technical foundation for a career that would see him progress through production and manufacturing roles within the Volkswagen Group's various brands.


== Career ==
== Career ==


=== Early Career at Volkswagen Group ===
=== Early Career within the Volkswagen Group ===


Blume spent the formative years of his career working within the various brands and divisions of the [[Volkswagen Group]]. Over the course of more than two decades, he accumulated experience across multiple operational areas and brands within the conglomerate, progressing through the ranks of the organization. His career path included positions in production and manufacturing, areas that would become central to his professional identity.<ref name="faz-mr-porsche">{{cite news |title=Blume heißt der neue Mr. Porsche |url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/vw-abgasskandal/blume-heisst-der-neue-mr-porsche-13823844.html |work=Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref><ref name="sz-porsche-chief">{{cite news |title=Nachfolge für Müller: Oliver Blume ist neuer Porsche-Chef |url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/wirtschaft/nachfolge-fuer-mueller-oliver-blume-ist-neuer-porsche-chef-1.2672573 |work=Süddeutsche Zeitung |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref>
After completing his education, Blume entered the Volkswagen Group, where he would spend his entire professional career spanning multiple decades and several of the conglomerate's brands.<ref name="faz-blume">{{cite news |title=Blume heißt der neue Mr. Porsche |url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/vw-abgasskandal/blume-heisst-der-neue-mr-porsche-13823844.html |work=Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref> Over the years, he held various positions in production and manufacturing management across different Volkswagen Group brands. His career trajectory took him through roles at [[SEAT]], the Spanish subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group, as well as at the core [[Volkswagen]] brand itself, gaining experience in plant operations and production planning.<ref name="porsche-cv" />


His rise within the Volkswagen system reflected the group's traditional pattern of promoting executives who had demonstrated competence across multiple brands and functions. This breadth of experience across the group's portfolio—which encompasses brands ranging from mass-market [[Volkswagen Passenger Cars|Volkswagen]] to luxury marques such as [[Porsche]], [[Bentley]], and [[Lamborghini]]—prepared Blume for increasingly senior leadership roles.
Blume developed a reputation within the company as a production specialist, someone who understood the complexities of automotive manufacturing at scale. His expertise in streamlining production processes and managing large industrial operations positioned him as a rising figure within the Volkswagen Group's management hierarchy. He held leadership positions in production at several Volkswagen Group facilities before being tapped for senior roles at Porsche.


=== CEO of Porsche AG (2015–2025) ===
=== Appointment as CEO of Porsche AG ===


Blume's appointment as CEO of [[Porsche|Porsche AG]] came in late 2015, in the midst of the [[Volkswagen emissions scandal]] (commonly known as "Dieselgate") that was engulfing the broader Volkswagen Group. He succeeded [[Matthias Müller]], who had been elevated from the Porsche CEO position to lead the parent Volkswagen Group in the wake of the crisis.<ref name="faz-mr-porsche" /><ref name="sz-porsche-chief" /> The ''[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung]]'' described Blume as "the new Mr. Porsche" upon his appointment, signaling the significance of the role.<ref name="faz-mr-porsche" /> The ''[[Süddeutsche Zeitung]]'' also reported on the appointment, noting Blume's succession of Müller at the Stuttgart-based sports car manufacturer.<ref name="sz-porsche-chief" />
In late 2015, Oliver Blume was appointed as the CEO of [[Porsche|Porsche AG]], succeeding [[Matthias Müller]], who had been elevated to lead the entire Volkswagen Group in the wake of the [[Volkswagen emissions scandal]] (commonly known as "Dieselgate").<ref name="sz-porsche">{{cite news |title=Nachfolge für Müller: Oliver Blume ist neuer Porsche-Chef |url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/wirtschaft/nachfolge-fuer-mueller-oliver-blume-ist-neuer-porsche-chef-1.2672573 |work=Süddeutsche Zeitung |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref><ref name="faz-blume" /> The appointment came at a turbulent time for the Volkswagen Group, which was dealing with the fallout of its diesel emissions cheating scandal that had engulfed the company since September 2015. As the new head of Porsche, Blume was tasked with maintaining the sports car maker's profitability and brand prestige while the broader group navigated one of the most significant corporate crises in automotive history.


As head of Porsche AG, Blume oversaw a period of significant strategic development for the brand. During his tenure, Porsche launched the [[Porsche Taycan|Taycan]], the company's first fully electric production vehicle, marking a milestone in the brand's transition toward electrification. He also led Porsche through the landmark [[initial public offering]] (IPO) of Porsche AG in September 2022, one of the largest stock market listings in European history. The IPO partially separated Porsche AG's ownership from the Volkswagen Group while maintaining the parent company's controlling stake.
Blume took the helm of Porsche AG at a moment when the luxury and sports car brand was one of the most profitable divisions within the Volkswagen Group. Under his leadership, Porsche continued to expand its product lineup while beginning the transition toward electrification. One of the most significant products developed during his tenure was the [[Porsche Taycan]], the company's first fully electric sports car, which represented Porsche's commitment to electric mobility while attempting to maintain the brand's performance-oriented identity.


Under Blume's leadership, Porsche AG undertook a comprehensive realignment of its product strategy. In September 2025, the company announced that the Executive Board and Supervisory Board had decided on significant adjustments to the brand's product plans, as part of what was described as a continuing effort at comprehensive realignment.<ref name="porsche-realignment">{{cite web |title=Porsche AG sets final steps in the realignment of its product strategy |url=https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/2025/company/porsche-realignment-product-strategy-40594.html |publisher=Porsche Newsroom |date=2025-09-19 |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref>
During his years leading Porsche, Blume oversaw the company's initial public offering (IPO), which was executed in September 2022. The Porsche IPO was one of the largest in European history and was designed to unlock value for the Volkswagen Group while giving Porsche AG greater operational independence. The listing on the [[Frankfurt Stock Exchange]] attracted significant investor interest, although the share price performance in subsequent years would face headwinds from market conditions and challenges in key markets, particularly China.


However, Blume's tenure at Porsche was not without controversy. By 2025, the company faced declining sales, particularly in the Chinese market, and challenges related to the transition to electric vehicles. The Volkswagen Group's works council publicly demanded that Blume relinquish his Porsche CEO role, citing concerns about the burden of his dual leadership responsibilities.<ref name="cdg-works-council">{{cite news |title=Volkswagen labor council demands Oliver Blume's exit as Porsche CEO |url=https://news.dealershipguy.com/p/volkswagen-labor-council-demands-oliver-blume-s-exit-as-porsche-ceo-2025-09-03 |work=Car Dealership Guy News |date=2025-09-03 |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref> Reports indicated that the dual role was seen by labor representatives as unsustainable, particularly given the scale of the challenges facing both companies simultaneously.<ref name="dw-porsche-step-down" />
=== Elevation to Volkswagen Group CEO ===


Upon the announcement of his departure from Porsche AG, [[Wolfgang Porsche]], Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Porsche AG, acknowledged that Blume had "taken great" strides for the company during his time as CEO.<ref name="porsche-leiters" /> Blume was succeeded as CEO of Porsche AG by Dr. Michael Leiters, formerly the CEO of [[McLaren Automotive|McLaren]], who assumed the role on 1 January 2026.<ref name="porsche-leiters" /><ref name="cbt-leiters">{{cite news |title=Porsche eyes Michael Leiters to succeed CEO Oliver Blume |url=https://www.cbtnews.com/porsche-eyes-michael-leiters-to-succeed-ceo-oliver-blume/ |work=CBT News |date=2025-10-17 |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref>
In September 2022, Oliver Blume was appointed CEO of the entire [[Volkswagen Group]], succeeding [[Herbert Diess]], who departed amid reported disagreements with the company's powerful labor representatives and the Porsche-Piëch controlling family over the pace of the group's transformation.<ref name="dw-vw-ceo">{{cite web |title=Volkswagen: Oliver Blume takes over as CEO amid struggles with software division |url=https://www.dw.com/en/volkswagen-oliver-blume-takes-over-as-ceo-amid-struggles-with-software-division/a-62992425 |publisher=Deutsche Welle |date=2022 |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref> The appointment came as the Volkswagen Group faced multiple challenges, including persistent problems with its software subsidiary [[CARIAD]], which had experienced delays and cost overruns in developing the group's unified software platform for next-generation vehicles.


=== CEO of Volkswagen Group (2022–present) ===
Crucially, Blume initially retained his role as CEO of Porsche AG while simultaneously leading the Volkswagen Group — a dual mandate that was unusual in the automotive industry and drew scrutiny from investors, analysts, and labor representatives.<ref name="dw-vw-ceo" /> The arrangement meant that Blume was responsible for overseeing a global automotive conglomerate encompassing brands such as [[Volkswagen]], [[Audi]], [[Porsche]], [[Lamborghini]], [[Bentley]], [[SEAT|SEAT/Cupra]], [[Škoda Auto|Škoda]], and [[Ducati]], while also managing the day-to-day leadership of Porsche AG as a separately listed entity.


In September 2022, Blume was appointed CEO of the [[Volkswagen Group]], succeeding [[Herbert Diess]], who had departed amid internal conflicts over the group's strategy and the troubled development of its software division, [[CARIAD]].<ref name="dw-vw-ceo">{{cite news |title=Volkswagen: Oliver Blume takes over as CEO amid struggles with software division |url=https://www.dw.com/en/volkswagen-oliver-blume-takes-over-as-ceo-amid-struggles-with-software-division/a-62992425 |work=DW.com |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref> [[Deutsche Welle]] reported that Blume took over the top role at Volkswagen at a time when the company was grappling with significant difficulties in its software operations, a critical component of the industry's shift toward connected and autonomous vehicles.<ref name="dw-vw-ceo" />
As Volkswagen Group CEO, Blume faced a set of interrelated challenges. The group's market position in [[China]], historically its largest and most profitable single market, came under severe pressure from domestic Chinese automakers, particularly [[BYD Auto|BYD]] and other electric vehicle manufacturers that had rapidly gained market share. The competitive landscape in China shifted dramatically, with local brands offering technologically advanced electric and hybrid vehicles at price points that challenged the Volkswagen Group's traditional dominance. Additionally, the group's software strategy, centered on CARIAD, continued to face difficulties, requiring Blume to restructure the division and seek partnerships with technology firms to accelerate development.


Blume's appointment created the unusual arrangement of one executive simultaneously heading both the Volkswagen Group and Porsche AG. This dual CEO structure drew scrutiny, with observers questioning whether a single leader could adequately address the strategic demands of both organizations. The arrangement persisted for over three years before Blume relinquished the Porsche role at the end of 2025.<ref name="dw-porsche-step-down" /><ref name="reuters-turnaround" />
Blume's leadership style was characterized as more consensus-oriented than that of his predecessor. Where Diess had pursued an aggressive, sometimes confrontational approach to transformation — particularly in his dealings with labor unions and works councils — Blume was described as favoring dialogue and collaboration with the group's stakeholders, including the powerful works council at Volkswagen.<ref name="reuters-turnaround">{{cite news |last= |first= |date=January 28, 2026 |title=Volkswagen CEO Blume, free of Porsche role, under pressure to deliver on turnaround |url=https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/boards-policy-regulation/volkswagen-ceo-blume-free-porsche-role-under-pressure-deliver-turnaround-2026-01-28/ |work=Reuters |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref>


As head of the Volkswagen Group, Blume has confronted a set of interrelated challenges that have tested the conglomerate's strategic direction. Chief among these has been a pronounced decline in the group's market position in China, historically one of its largest and most profitable markets. The rise of Chinese domestic automakers, particularly in the electric vehicle segment, has eroded Volkswagen's market share in the country. Simultaneously, Blume has faced pressure to close what investors and analysts have described as a technology gap between Volkswagen and its competitors, particularly in software capabilities, electric vehicle architecture, and autonomous driving technology.<ref name="reuters-turnaround" />
=== Dual Role Controversy and Departure from Porsche ===


In October 2025, the Supervisory Board of Volkswagen AG expressed its continued confidence in Blume's leadership by extending his contract as Group CEO until the end of 2030.<ref name="vw-extension" /> The extension signaled the board's endorsement of Blume's strategic direction, even as the company faced ongoing operational and competitive challenges.
The question of Blume's dual role as CEO of both the Volkswagen Group and Porsche AG became a growing point of contention throughout 2024 and 2025. Labor representatives, investors, and industry analysts increasingly questioned whether one individual could effectively lead both organizations simultaneously, particularly as each faced significant strategic challenges.<ref name="cdg-labor">{{cite news |title=Volkswagen labor council demands Oliver Blume's exit as Porsche CEO |url=https://news.dealershipguy.com/p/volkswagen-labor-council-demands-oliver-blume-s-exit-as-porsche-ceo-2025-09-03 |work=Car Dealership Guy News |date=September 3, 2025 |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref>


By early 2026, with the Porsche role behind him, Blume faced what Reuters described as "a defining test"—proving he could stem the sales decline in China and close the technology gap with competitors. Investors indicated they were watching closely for tangible results from the group's turnaround efforts.<ref name="reuters-turnaround" /> The pressure to deliver was compounded by broader industry trends, including tightening emissions regulations in the European Union, accelerating electrification, and intensifying global competition.
In September 2025, the Volkswagen works council publicly called for Blume to relinquish his role as Porsche CEO, arguing that the dual mandate was untenable given the scale of the turnaround challenges facing both the group and the Porsche brand specifically.<ref name="cdg-labor" /> Porsche AG had been experiencing declining sales, particularly in China, and was undertaking a significant realignment of its product strategy. In September 2025, Porsche AG announced substantial adjustments to its product roadmap, including decisions about the balance between electric, hybrid, and internal combustion engine models in its future lineup.<ref name="porsche-realignment">{{cite web |title=Porsche AG sets final steps in the realignment of its product strategy |url=https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/2025/company/porsche-realignment-product-strategy-40594.html |publisher=Porsche Newsroom |date=September 19, 2025 |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref>


=== Fraunhofer Senate ===
On 17 October 2025, the resolution came in a two-part announcement. The Supervisory Board of Volkswagen AG extended Blume's contract as Group CEO through the end of 2030, expressing confidence in his strategy for the broader conglomerate.<ref name="vw-extension" /> Simultaneously, it was announced that Blume would step down as CEO of Porsche AG, with Dr. Michael Leiters — formerly CEO of [[McLaren Automotive]] — named as his successor, effective 1 January 2026.<ref name="dw-porsche-step-down">{{cite web |title=Porsche CEO Oliver Blume to step down |url=https://www.dw.com/en/porsche-ceo-oliver-blume-to-step-down/a-74396761 |publisher=Deutsche Welle |date=October 17, 2025 |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref><ref name="porsche-leiters">{{cite web |title=Dr. Michael Leiters will become CEO of Porsche AG on 1 January 2026 |url=https://newsroom.porsche.com/en_PME/2025/company/porsche-dr-michael-leiters-becomes-ceo-on-1-january-2026-40867.html |publisher=Porsche Newsroom |date=2025 |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref>


Beyond his roles in the automotive industry, Blume has served as a member of the Senate of the [[Fraunhofer Society]], Germany's largest applied research organization. The Fraunhofer Senate is an advisory body that oversees the strategic direction of the organization, which operates dozens of research institutes across Germany focused on applied science and technology.<ref name="fraunhofer">{{cite web |title=Fraunhofer Senate |url=https://www.fraunhofer.de/en/about-fraunhofer/profile-structure/structure-organization/fraunhofer-senate.html#2 |publisher=Fraunhofer Society |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref> This appointment reflected Blume's standing in Germany's broader industrial and technological community.
Dr. Wolfgang Porsche, Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Porsche AG, acknowledged Blume's contributions to the company, stating that as CEO, Blume had taken significant steps to advance the brand.<ref name="porsche-leiters" /> The transition allowed Blume to concentrate exclusively on his role as head of the Volkswagen Group at a critical juncture for the company.
 
=== Focus on Volkswagen Group Turnaround ===
 
Following his departure from the Porsche CEO role at the start of 2026, Blume faced what investors and analysts described as a defining period for his leadership of the Volkswagen Group.<ref name="reuters-turnaround" /> The key challenges confronting the group included stemming the erosion of its market position in China, closing the technology gap with competitors — particularly in software-defined vehicles and electric powertrains — and improving the group's overall profitability and operational efficiency.
 
Reuters reported in January 2026 that investors were closely watching Blume's ability to deliver on the turnaround, noting that being freed from the Porsche dual role increased both the focus he could bring to the Group CEO position and the expectations placed upon him.<ref name="reuters-turnaround" /> The Volkswagen Group, with its vast portfolio of brands and global manufacturing footprint, required coordinated strategic decisions across multiple markets and product segments.
 
The challenges at Porsche AG also continued to reverberate after Blume's departure from that role. Reports emerged that Blume's successor, Michael Leiters, took the unusual step of offering employees a form of amnesty in order to obtain candid assessments of the company's operational and strategic issues — an indication of the depth of challenges that had accumulated.<ref name="autopian-porsche">{{cite news |title=Porsche's New CEO Reportedly Had To Offer Employees Amnesty In Order To Find Out How Bad Things Really Are At The Company |url=https://www.theautopian.com/porsches-new-ceo-reportedly-had-to-offer-employees-amnesty-in-order-to-find-out-how-bad-things-really-are-at-the-company/ |work=The Autopian |date=February 2026 |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref>
 
=== Role in the Fraunhofer Society ===
 
Beyond his corporate responsibilities, Blume has served as a member of the Senate of the [[Fraunhofer Society]], Europe's largest application-oriented research organization.<ref name="fraunhofer">{{cite web |title=Fraunhofer Senate |url=https://www.fraunhofer.de/en/about-fraunhofer/profile-structure/structure-organization/fraunhofer-senate.html#2 |publisher=Fraunhofer Society |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref> The Fraunhofer Senate provides strategic guidance to the organization, which operates numerous research institutes across Germany focused on applied science and technology. Blume's membership reflects the intersection of his automotive industry leadership with broader scientific and technological policy considerations.


== Personal Life ==
== Personal Life ==


Oliver Blume has maintained a relatively private personal life, consistent with the norms of senior German corporate executives. He was born and raised in [[Braunschweig]], and his career has kept him within the orbit of the Volkswagen Group's principal locations in Germany, including [[Wolfsburg]] (Volkswagen Group headquarters) and [[Stuttgart]] (Porsche AG headquarters). Public records primarily document his professional activities rather than his private affairs.
Oliver Blume maintains a relatively private personal life. He was born and raised in Braunschweig, and his career within the Volkswagen Group has kept him connected to the automotive heartland of Lower Saxony and the broader German automotive ecosystem. Public records and corporate disclosures contain limited information about his family life beyond what is necessary for corporate governance requirements.
 
Blume holds a degree in mechanical engineering from the [[Braunschweig University of Technology]].<ref name="porsche-cv" /> His biographical record is documented in the [[German National Library]] (Deutsche Nationalbibliothek).<ref>{{cite web |title=Oliver Blume |url=https://d-nb.info/gnd/1103713043 |publisher=Deutsche Nationalbibliothek |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Oliver Blume — Deutsche Biographie |url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/1103713043.html?language=en |publisher=Deutsche Biographie |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref>


== Recognition ==
== Recognition ==


Blume's appointment to leadership positions at two of Germany's most prominent automotive companies—Porsche AG and the Volkswagen Group—represents a career achievement within the German automotive industry. His membership in the [[Fraunhofer Society|Fraunhofer]] Senate reflects recognition of his contributions to applied research and industrial technology in Germany.<ref name="fraunhofer" />
Blume's tenure at the helm of both Porsche AG and the Volkswagen Group has been the subject of extensive coverage in international business and automotive media. His appointment as CEO of the Volkswagen Group in 2022 was widely covered by outlets including [[Deutsche Welle]], [[Reuters]], the [[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung]], and the [[Süddeutsche Zeitung]].<ref name="dw-vw-ceo" /><ref name="faz-blume" /><ref name="sz-porsche" />


The extension of his contract as Volkswagen Group CEO through 2030, announced in October 2025, was interpreted by industry observers as a vote of confidence from the conglomerate's Supervisory Board at a time of significant strategic uncertainty.<ref name="vw-extension" /> Upon his departure from Porsche AG, Wolfgang Porsche publicly acknowledged his contributions to the sports car brand during a decade of leadership.<ref name="porsche-leiters" />
The extension of his Volkswagen Group CEO contract through 2030, announced in October 2025, was interpreted by industry observers as a vote of confidence from the Volkswagen Supervisory Board and the Porsche-Piëch family, which controls the group through its majority stake in [[Porsche SE]].<ref name="vw-extension" /> His appointment to the Senate of the Fraunhofer Society represents recognition of his standing within the German business and technology community.<ref name="fraunhofer" />


Blume is documented in the [[German National Library]]'s authority files and in the [[Deutsche Biographie]], the German biographical reference work, reflecting his recognition as a notable figure in German business and industry.<ref name="dnb">{{cite web |title=Oliver Blume |url=https://d-nb.info/gnd/1103713043 |publisher=German National Library |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref><ref name="deutsche-bio">{{cite web |title=Oliver Blume |url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/1103713043.html?language=en |publisher=Deutsche Biographie |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref>
His career and biographical details are recorded in several international authority databases, including the [[Virtual International Authority File]] (VIAF)<ref>{{cite web |title=Oliver Blume — VIAF |url=https://viaf.org/viaf/31146635429841981065 |publisher=VIAF |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref> and [[OCLC]]'s WorldCat Entities.<ref>{{cite web |title=Oliver Blume — WorldCat Entities |url=https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqw66dkVvYdVWF6hMWbh3 |publisher=OCLC |access-date=2026-02-24}}</ref>


== Legacy ==
== Legacy ==


As of early 2026, Oliver Blume's legacy remains in formation, with the outcome of the Volkswagen Group's turnaround efforts likely to be the defining factor in how his tenure is assessed. His decade-long leadership of Porsche AG encompassed the brand's entry into electric vehicle production with the Taycan and the historic IPO of Porsche AG, both of which represented transformative moments for the company. At the same time, the challenges that emerged at Porsche toward the end of his tenure—including declining sales in key markets and questions about the brand's product strategy—complicate an unequivocal assessment.
As of early 2026, Oliver Blume's legacy remains in formation, closely tied to the outcome of his efforts to transform the Volkswagen Group amid one of the most disruptive periods in automotive industry history. His career trajectory — from a mechanical engineering graduate in Braunschweig to the leadership of Europe's largest automaker — mirrors the broader evolution of the German automotive sector from a manufacturing-centric industry to one increasingly defined by software, electrification, and global competitive dynamics.


At the Volkswagen Group level, Blume assumed leadership at a time when the world's second-largest automaker by volume faced existential questions about its ability to compete in an industry undergoing rapid electrification and digitalization. The group's position in China, its software capabilities, and its ability to bring competitive electric vehicles to market at scale all represent tests that will shape Blume's legacy. The decision by the Supervisory Board to extend his mandate through 2030 provides him with a lengthy runway to execute the group's strategic transformation, but also raises the stakes for delivering measurable results.<ref name="vw-extension" /><ref name="reuters-turnaround" />
Blume's period leading Porsche AG from 2015 to 2025 encompassed the brand's transition into the electric vehicle era with the Taycan, the execution of one of Europe's largest IPOs, and the initiation of a comprehensive product strategy realignment.<ref name="porsche-realignment" /><ref name="porsche-leiters" /> His simultaneous leadership of the Volkswagen Group and Porsche AG from 2022 to 2025 represented an unusual governance structure in the automotive industry, one that ultimately proved unsustainable under the weight of the strategic challenges facing both entities.<ref name="cdg-labor" /><ref name="dw-porsche-step-down" />


His career trajectory—from an engineer trained in Braunschweig to the leader of one of Europe's largest industrial conglomerates—exemplifies a path through the German automotive industry's traditional management development system, in which executives build deep operational expertise across multiple brands and functions before assuming top leadership roles.
The extension of his Volkswagen Group contract through 2030 provides Blume with a multi-year runway to execute on the group's transformation strategy.<ref name="vw-extension" /> The success or failure of that strategy — particularly in reclaiming competitiveness in China and resolving the group's software and electrification challenges — will ultimately determine how his leadership is assessed in the history of the European automotive industry. As Reuters noted in early 2026, now freed from his Porsche responsibilities, Blume faces mounting pressure from investors to demonstrate measurable progress on the Volkswagen Group's turnaround.<ref name="reuters-turnaround" />


== References ==
== References ==
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Latest revision as of 05:54, 24 February 2026




Oliver Blume
Blume in 2013
Oliver Blume
BornOliver Ingo Blume
6 6, 1968
BirthplaceBraunschweig, West Germany
NationalityGerman
OccupationCEO of Volkswagen Group, former CEO of Porsche AG
Known forLeading Volkswagen Group and Porsche AG simultaneously

Oliver Ingo Blume (born 6 June 1968) is a German business executive who serves as the chief executive officer (CEO) of the Volkswagen Group, one of the world's largest automobile manufacturers. From 2015 until the end of 2025, he also served as CEO of Porsche AG, holding both positions simultaneously from September 2022 — a dual role that drew significant attention and, ultimately, pressure from labor representatives and investors. Born in Braunschweig, a city with deep ties to the German automotive industry, Blume built his career within the Volkswagen Group over several decades, rising through production and manufacturing leadership roles across multiple brands before being appointed to lead Porsche in the aftermath of the Volkswagen emissions scandal. His tenure has been defined by efforts to navigate the transition to electric vehicles, manage competitive pressures in the Chinese market, and restructure operations across the sprawling Volkswagen empire. In October 2025, the Supervisory Board of Volkswagen AG reaffirmed its confidence in Blume by extending his contract as Group CEO through the end of 2030, while simultaneously announcing his departure from the Porsche AG chief executive role.[1]

Early Life

Oliver Ingo Blume was born on 6 June 1968 in Braunschweig, in what was then West Germany.[2] Braunschweig, located in the state of Lower Saxony, has long been associated with the German automotive sector; the city is situated near Wolfsburg, the global headquarters of the Volkswagen Group. Growing up in this industrial heartland, Blume would eventually pursue a career path closely intertwined with the automotive companies that dominated the regional economy.

Details of Blume's family background and childhood have not been widely documented in public sources. What is established is that he went on to study at the Braunschweig University of Technology (Technische Universität Braunschweig), one of the oldest technical universities in Germany, where he studied mechanical engineering.[2] The university has historically maintained close relationships with the automotive industry, particularly with the Volkswagen Group, providing a pipeline of engineering talent to the company's nearby operations.

Education

Blume attended the Braunschweig University of Technology, where he studied mechanical engineering.[2] The institution, formally known as the Technische Universität Braunschweig, is one of Germany's leading technical universities and has a distinguished history in engineering education dating back to its founding in 1745. Blume's engineering background provided the technical foundation for a career that would see him progress through production and manufacturing roles within the Volkswagen Group's various brands.

Career

Early Career within the Volkswagen Group

After completing his education, Blume entered the Volkswagen Group, where he would spend his entire professional career spanning multiple decades and several of the conglomerate's brands.[3] Over the years, he held various positions in production and manufacturing management across different Volkswagen Group brands. His career trajectory took him through roles at SEAT, the Spanish subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group, as well as at the core Volkswagen brand itself, gaining experience in plant operations and production planning.[2]

Blume developed a reputation within the company as a production specialist, someone who understood the complexities of automotive manufacturing at scale. His expertise in streamlining production processes and managing large industrial operations positioned him as a rising figure within the Volkswagen Group's management hierarchy. He held leadership positions in production at several Volkswagen Group facilities before being tapped for senior roles at Porsche.

Appointment as CEO of Porsche AG

In late 2015, Oliver Blume was appointed as the CEO of Porsche AG, succeeding Matthias Müller, who had been elevated to lead the entire Volkswagen Group in the wake of the Volkswagen emissions scandal (commonly known as "Dieselgate").[4][3] The appointment came at a turbulent time for the Volkswagen Group, which was dealing with the fallout of its diesel emissions cheating scandal that had engulfed the company since September 2015. As the new head of Porsche, Blume was tasked with maintaining the sports car maker's profitability and brand prestige while the broader group navigated one of the most significant corporate crises in automotive history.

Blume took the helm of Porsche AG at a moment when the luxury and sports car brand was one of the most profitable divisions within the Volkswagen Group. Under his leadership, Porsche continued to expand its product lineup while beginning the transition toward electrification. One of the most significant products developed during his tenure was the Porsche Taycan, the company's first fully electric sports car, which represented Porsche's commitment to electric mobility while attempting to maintain the brand's performance-oriented identity.

During his years leading Porsche, Blume oversaw the company's initial public offering (IPO), which was executed in September 2022. The Porsche IPO was one of the largest in European history and was designed to unlock value for the Volkswagen Group while giving Porsche AG greater operational independence. The listing on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange attracted significant investor interest, although the share price performance in subsequent years would face headwinds from market conditions and challenges in key markets, particularly China.

Elevation to Volkswagen Group CEO

In September 2022, Oliver Blume was appointed CEO of the entire Volkswagen Group, succeeding Herbert Diess, who departed amid reported disagreements with the company's powerful labor representatives and the Porsche-Piëch controlling family over the pace of the group's transformation.[5] The appointment came as the Volkswagen Group faced multiple challenges, including persistent problems with its software subsidiary CARIAD, which had experienced delays and cost overruns in developing the group's unified software platform for next-generation vehicles.

Crucially, Blume initially retained his role as CEO of Porsche AG while simultaneously leading the Volkswagen Group — a dual mandate that was unusual in the automotive industry and drew scrutiny from investors, analysts, and labor representatives.[5] The arrangement meant that Blume was responsible for overseeing a global automotive conglomerate encompassing brands such as Volkswagen, Audi, Porsche, Lamborghini, Bentley, SEAT/Cupra, Škoda, and Ducati, while also managing the day-to-day leadership of Porsche AG as a separately listed entity.

As Volkswagen Group CEO, Blume faced a set of interrelated challenges. The group's market position in China, historically its largest and most profitable single market, came under severe pressure from domestic Chinese automakers, particularly BYD and other electric vehicle manufacturers that had rapidly gained market share. The competitive landscape in China shifted dramatically, with local brands offering technologically advanced electric and hybrid vehicles at price points that challenged the Volkswagen Group's traditional dominance. Additionally, the group's software strategy, centered on CARIAD, continued to face difficulties, requiring Blume to restructure the division and seek partnerships with technology firms to accelerate development.

Blume's leadership style was characterized as more consensus-oriented than that of his predecessor. Where Diess had pursued an aggressive, sometimes confrontational approach to transformation — particularly in his dealings with labor unions and works councils — Blume was described as favoring dialogue and collaboration with the group's stakeholders, including the powerful works council at Volkswagen.[6]

Dual Role Controversy and Departure from Porsche

The question of Blume's dual role as CEO of both the Volkswagen Group and Porsche AG became a growing point of contention throughout 2024 and 2025. Labor representatives, investors, and industry analysts increasingly questioned whether one individual could effectively lead both organizations simultaneously, particularly as each faced significant strategic challenges.[7]

In September 2025, the Volkswagen works council publicly called for Blume to relinquish his role as Porsche CEO, arguing that the dual mandate was untenable given the scale of the turnaround challenges facing both the group and the Porsche brand specifically.[7] Porsche AG had been experiencing declining sales, particularly in China, and was undertaking a significant realignment of its product strategy. In September 2025, Porsche AG announced substantial adjustments to its product roadmap, including decisions about the balance between electric, hybrid, and internal combustion engine models in its future lineup.[8]

On 17 October 2025, the resolution came in a two-part announcement. The Supervisory Board of Volkswagen AG extended Blume's contract as Group CEO through the end of 2030, expressing confidence in his strategy for the broader conglomerate.[1] Simultaneously, it was announced that Blume would step down as CEO of Porsche AG, with Dr. Michael Leiters — formerly CEO of McLaren Automotive — named as his successor, effective 1 January 2026.[9][10]

Dr. Wolfgang Porsche, Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Porsche AG, acknowledged Blume's contributions to the company, stating that as CEO, Blume had taken significant steps to advance the brand.[10] The transition allowed Blume to concentrate exclusively on his role as head of the Volkswagen Group at a critical juncture for the company.

Focus on Volkswagen Group Turnaround

Following his departure from the Porsche CEO role at the start of 2026, Blume faced what investors and analysts described as a defining period for his leadership of the Volkswagen Group.[6] The key challenges confronting the group included stemming the erosion of its market position in China, closing the technology gap with competitors — particularly in software-defined vehicles and electric powertrains — and improving the group's overall profitability and operational efficiency.

Reuters reported in January 2026 that investors were closely watching Blume's ability to deliver on the turnaround, noting that being freed from the Porsche dual role increased both the focus he could bring to the Group CEO position and the expectations placed upon him.[6] The Volkswagen Group, with its vast portfolio of brands and global manufacturing footprint, required coordinated strategic decisions across multiple markets and product segments.

The challenges at Porsche AG also continued to reverberate after Blume's departure from that role. Reports emerged that Blume's successor, Michael Leiters, took the unusual step of offering employees a form of amnesty in order to obtain candid assessments of the company's operational and strategic issues — an indication of the depth of challenges that had accumulated.[11]

Role in the Fraunhofer Society

Beyond his corporate responsibilities, Blume has served as a member of the Senate of the Fraunhofer Society, Europe's largest application-oriented research organization.[12] The Fraunhofer Senate provides strategic guidance to the organization, which operates numerous research institutes across Germany focused on applied science and technology. Blume's membership reflects the intersection of his automotive industry leadership with broader scientific and technological policy considerations.

Personal Life

Oliver Blume maintains a relatively private personal life. He was born and raised in Braunschweig, and his career within the Volkswagen Group has kept him connected to the automotive heartland of Lower Saxony and the broader German automotive ecosystem. Public records and corporate disclosures contain limited information about his family life beyond what is necessary for corporate governance requirements.

Blume holds a degree in mechanical engineering from the Braunschweig University of Technology.[2] His biographical record is documented in the German National Library (Deutsche Nationalbibliothek).[13][14]

Recognition

Blume's tenure at the helm of both Porsche AG and the Volkswagen Group has been the subject of extensive coverage in international business and automotive media. His appointment as CEO of the Volkswagen Group in 2022 was widely covered by outlets including Deutsche Welle, Reuters, the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, and the Süddeutsche Zeitung.[5][3][4]

The extension of his Volkswagen Group CEO contract through 2030, announced in October 2025, was interpreted by industry observers as a vote of confidence from the Volkswagen Supervisory Board and the Porsche-Piëch family, which controls the group through its majority stake in Porsche SE.[1] His appointment to the Senate of the Fraunhofer Society represents recognition of his standing within the German business and technology community.[12]

His career and biographical details are recorded in several international authority databases, including the Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)[15] and OCLC's WorldCat Entities.[16]

Legacy

As of early 2026, Oliver Blume's legacy remains in formation, closely tied to the outcome of his efforts to transform the Volkswagen Group amid one of the most disruptive periods in automotive industry history. His career trajectory — from a mechanical engineering graduate in Braunschweig to the leadership of Europe's largest automaker — mirrors the broader evolution of the German automotive sector from a manufacturing-centric industry to one increasingly defined by software, electrification, and global competitive dynamics.

Blume's period leading Porsche AG from 2015 to 2025 encompassed the brand's transition into the electric vehicle era with the Taycan, the execution of one of Europe's largest IPOs, and the initiation of a comprehensive product strategy realignment.[8][10] His simultaneous leadership of the Volkswagen Group and Porsche AG from 2022 to 2025 represented an unusual governance structure in the automotive industry, one that ultimately proved unsustainable under the weight of the strategic challenges facing both entities.[7][9]

The extension of his Volkswagen Group contract through 2030 provides Blume with a multi-year runway to execute on the group's transformation strategy.[1] The success or failure of that strategy — particularly in reclaiming competitiveness in China and resolving the group's software and electrification challenges — will ultimately determine how his leadership is assessed in the history of the European automotive industry. As Reuters noted in early 2026, now freed from his Porsche responsibilities, Blume faces mounting pressure from investors to demonstrate measurable progress on the Volkswagen Group's turnaround.[6]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Volkswagen AG's Supervisory Board appoints Oliver Blume as CEO until the end of 2030".Volkswagen Group.October 17, 2025.https://www.volkswagen-group.com/en/press-releases/volkswagen-ags-supervisory-board-appoints-oliver-blume-as-ceo-until-the-end-of-2030-19896.Retrieved 2026-02-24.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 "Lebensläufe (Curricula Vitae)".Porsche Newsroom.http://newsroom.porsche.com/dam/jcr:25e9d180-02ff-42a2-89c1-226a124ba3a2/Lebensl%C3%A4ufe.pdf.Retrieved 2026-02-24.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Blume heißt der neue Mr. Porsche".Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung.https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/vw-abgasskandal/blume-heisst-der-neue-mr-porsche-13823844.html.Retrieved 2026-02-24.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Nachfolge für Müller: Oliver Blume ist neuer Porsche-Chef".Süddeutsche Zeitung.https://www.sueddeutsche.de/wirtschaft/nachfolge-fuer-mueller-oliver-blume-ist-neuer-porsche-chef-1.2672573.Retrieved 2026-02-24.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Volkswagen: Oliver Blume takes over as CEO amid struggles with software division".Deutsche Welle.2022.https://www.dw.com/en/volkswagen-oliver-blume-takes-over-as-ceo-amid-struggles-with-software-division/a-62992425.Retrieved 2026-02-24.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 "Volkswagen CEO Blume, free of Porsche role, under pressure to deliver on turnaround".Reuters.January 28, 2026.https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/boards-policy-regulation/volkswagen-ceo-blume-free-porsche-role-under-pressure-deliver-turnaround-2026-01-28/.Retrieved 2026-02-24.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "Volkswagen labor council demands Oliver Blume's exit as Porsche CEO".Car Dealership Guy News.September 3, 2025.https://news.dealershipguy.com/p/volkswagen-labor-council-demands-oliver-blume-s-exit-as-porsche-ceo-2025-09-03.Retrieved 2026-02-24.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Porsche AG sets final steps in the realignment of its product strategy".Porsche Newsroom.September 19, 2025.https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/2025/company/porsche-realignment-product-strategy-40594.html.Retrieved 2026-02-24.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Porsche CEO Oliver Blume to step down".Deutsche Welle.October 17, 2025.https://www.dw.com/en/porsche-ceo-oliver-blume-to-step-down/a-74396761.Retrieved 2026-02-24.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Dr. Michael Leiters will become CEO of Porsche AG on 1 January 2026".Porsche Newsroom.2025.https://newsroom.porsche.com/en_PME/2025/company/porsche-dr-michael-leiters-becomes-ceo-on-1-january-2026-40867.html.Retrieved 2026-02-24.
  11. ↑ "Porsche's New CEO Reportedly Had To Offer Employees Amnesty In Order To Find Out How Bad Things Really Are At The Company".The Autopian.February 2026.https://www.theautopian.com/porsches-new-ceo-reportedly-had-to-offer-employees-amnesty-in-order-to-find-out-how-bad-things-really-are-at-the-company/.Retrieved 2026-02-24.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Fraunhofer Senate".Fraunhofer Society.https://www.fraunhofer.de/en/about-fraunhofer/profile-structure/structure-organization/fraunhofer-senate.html#2.Retrieved 2026-02-24.
  13. ↑ "Oliver Blume".Deutsche Nationalbibliothek.https://d-nb.info/gnd/1103713043.Retrieved 2026-02-24.
  14. ↑ "Oliver Blume — Deutsche Biographie".Deutsche Biographie.https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/1103713043.html?language=en.Retrieved 2026-02-24.
  15. ↑ "Oliver Blume — VIAF".VIAF.https://viaf.org/viaf/31146635429841981065.Retrieved 2026-02-24.
  16. ↑ "Oliver Blume — WorldCat Entities".OCLC.https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqw66dkVvYdVWF6hMWbh3.Retrieved 2026-02-24.

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